TY - GEN T1 - Measles virus spread initiated at international mass gatherings in Europe, 2011 AU - Santibanez, Sabine AU - Prosenc, K. AU - Lohr, D. AU - Pfaff, Günter AU - Markocic, O. Jordan AU - Mankertz, Annette AB - Three parallel transmission chains of measles virus (MV) variant ‘D8-Villupuram’ (D8-V) originated from two coinciding international mass gathering (MG) events in Rimini, Italy, in June 2011. MV D8-V was independently introduced into Germany by two unvaccinated persons, and into Slovenia by one unvaccinated person who had attended these events. Secondary spread of D8-V was restricted to two generations of transmission in Slovenia as well as in Germany where the virus was further disseminated at another MG. Serological and epidemiological investigation of the D8-V-associated German and Slovenian cases revealed different antibody responses and age distributions. Primary infected young persons between 11 and 27 years-old were affected in Germany, whereas the group of Slovenian cases comprised adults aged from 28 to 47 years and a high proportion (9/14; 64%) of patients with secondary vaccine failure (SVF). Our study demonstrates that monitoring of MV transmission chains in an international context and adequate serological investigation of cases with remote vaccination can contribute to identify susceptibility gaps. KW - Germany KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Male KW - Adolescent KW - Adult KW - Middle Aged KW - Young Adult KW - Genotype KW - Phylogeny KW - Age Distribution KW - Child KW - Measles/epidemiology KW - Measles/transmission KW - Measles virus/genetics KW - Travel KW - Sentinel Surveillance KW - Crowding KW - Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control KW - Italy KW - Measles/diagnosis KW - Measles/virology KW - Measles virus/classification KW - Measles virus/isolation & purification KW - Slovenia KW - Soccer KW - 610 Medizin PY - 2014 LA - eng PB - Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger VL - 19 IS - 35 DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.25646/1900 ER -