TY - GEN T1 - Urban-rural disparities in smoking behaviour in Germany AU - Völzke, Henry AU - Neuhauser, Hannelore AU - Moebus, Susanne AU - Baumert, Jens AU - Berger, Klaus AU - Stang, Andreas AU - Ellert, Ute AU - Werner, André AU - Döring, Angela AB - Background: It is currently not clear whether individuals living in metropolitan areas differ from individuals living in rural and urban areas with respect to smoking behaviours. Therefore, we sought to explore the relation between residential area and smoking behaviours in Germany. Methods: We used a nationwide German census representative for the general population of Germany. A number of 181,324 subjects aged 10 years or older were included. Information on the average daily usage of cigarettes that have or had been smoked formerly or currently was available in subjects who have ever smoked. A daily consumption of more than 20 cigarettes was considered heavy smoking. Logistic regression analyses were performed sex-stratified and adjusted for relevant confounders.Results: Analyses revealed inhabitants of metropolitan areas to be more likely current smokers than inhabitants of rural areas (odds ratio 1.56, 95%-confidence interval 1.51; 1.62). Among current and former smokers those who lived in urban communities had also increased odds for being heavy smokers than those who lived in rural communities. Conclusion: We conclude that living in an urban and particularly living in a metropolitan area is a determinant of both smoking and severity of current smoking. Tobacco control programs should recognize the difference in living conditions between rural and urban areas. KW - Aged KW - Humans KW - Female KW - Germany/epidemiology KW - Male KW - Middle Aged KW - Prevalence KW - Child KW - * Adolescent KW - * Adult KW - * Aged KW - Family Characteristics KW - Health Behavior KW - Health Surveys KW - Interviews as Topic KW - Odds Ratio KW - Residence Characteristics/classification KW - Residence Characteristics/statistics & numerical data KW - Risk-Taking KW - Rural KW - Population/statistics & numerical data KW - Smoking/epidemiology KW - Smoking/psychology KW - Urban Population/statistics & numerical data KW - Aged 80 and over KW - 610 Medizin PY - 2006 LA - eng PB - Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung VL - 6 IS - 146 DO - 10.1186/1471-2458-6-146 ER -