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2022-07-29Zeitschriftenartikel
Differentiation between Wild-Type Group A Rotaviruses and Vaccine Strains in Cases of Suspected Horizontal Transmission and Adverse Events Following Vaccination
dc.contributor.authorJacobsen, Sonja
dc.contributor.authorNiendorf, Sandra
dc.contributor.authorLorenz, Roswitha
dc.contributor.authorBock, Claus-Thomas
dc.contributor.authorMas Marques, Andreas
dc.date.accessioned2024-09-16T10:45:35Z
dc.date.available2024-09-16T10:45:35Z
dc.date.issued2022-07-29none
dc.identifier.other10.3390/v14081670
dc.identifier.urihttp://edoc.rki.de/176904/12174
dc.description.abstractHuman group A rotaviruses (RVA) are important enteric pathogens, as they are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children worldwide. Since 2013, the German Standing Committee on vaccination recommended the routine rotavirus vaccination for infants in Germany. While vaccination has significantly decreased RVA cases and worldwide mortality, in some cases, infants can develop acute gastroenteritis as an adverse reaction after immunization with an attenuated live vaccine. Pediatricians, as well as clinicians and diagnostic laboratories, contacted the Consultant Laboratory for Rotaviruses and inquired whether cases of RVA-positive AGE after vaccination were associated with vaccine or with wild-type RVA strains. A testing algorithm based on distinguishing PCRs and confirmative sequencing was designed, tested, and applied. Diagnostic samples from 68 vaccinated children and six cases where horizontal transmission was suspected were investigated in this study. Using a combination of real-time PCR, fragment-length analysis of amplicons from multiplex PCRs and confirmative sequencing, vaccine-like virus was detected in 46 samples and wild-type RVA was detected in 6 samples. Three mixed infections of vaccine and wild-type RVA were detectable, no RVA genome was found in 19 samples. High viral loads (>1.0 × 107 copies/g stool) were measured in most RVA-positive samples. Furthermore, information on co-infections with other AGE pathogens in the vaccinated study population was of interest. A commercial multiplex PCR and in-house PCRs revealed three co-infections of vaccinated infants with bacteria (two samples with Clostridioides difficile and one sample with enteropathogenic E. coli) and six co-infections with norovirus in a subset of the samples. Human astrovirus was detected in one sample, with suspected horizontal transmission. The cases of suspected horizontal transmission of vaccine RVA strains could not be confirmed, as they either involved wild-type RVA or were RVA negative. This study shows that RVA-positive AGE after vaccination is not necessarily associated with the vaccine strain and provides a reliable workflow to distinguish RVA vaccine strains from wild-type strainseng
dc.language.isoengnone
dc.publisherRobert Koch-Institut
dc.rights(CC BY 3.0 DE) Namensnennung 3.0 Deutschlandger
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/de/
dc.subjectrotavirus Aeng
dc.subjectacute gastroenteritiseng
dc.subjectvaccinationeng
dc.subjectvirus sheddingeng
dc.subjectdiagnostic workfloweng
dc.subjectmolecular diagnosticseng
dc.subjectadverse eventseng
dc.subjectco-infectionseng
dc.subjecthorizontal transmissioneng
dc.subject.ddc610 Medizin und Gesundheitnone
dc.titleDifferentiation between Wild-Type Group A Rotaviruses and Vaccine Strains in Cases of Suspected Horizontal Transmission and Adverse Events Following Vaccinationnone
dc.typearticle
dc.identifier.urnurn:nbn:de:0257-176904/12174-9
dc.type.versionpublishedVersionnone
local.edoc.container-titleVirusesnone
local.edoc.container-issn1999-4915none
local.edoc.pages13none
local.edoc.type-nameZeitschriftenartikel
local.edoc.container-typeperiodical
local.edoc.container-type-nameZeitschrift
local.edoc.container-urlhttps://www.mdpi.com/journal/virusesnone
local.edoc.container-publisher-nameMDPInone
local.edoc.container-volume14none
local.edoc.container-issue8none
local.edoc.container-reportyear2022none
dc.description.versionPeer Reviewednone

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