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2022-04-14Zeitschriftenartikel
N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro
Lackner, Michaela
Rössler, Annika
Volland, André
Stadtmüller, Marlena Nastassja
Müllauer, Brigitte
Banki, Zoltan
Ströhle, Johannes
Luttick, Angela
Fenner, Jennifer
Sarg, Bettina
Kremser, Leopold
Tone, Paul
Stoiber, Heribert
von Laer, Dorothee
Wolff, Thorsten
Schwarz, Carsten
Nagl, Markus
N-chlorotaurine (NCT) a long-lived oxidant generated by leukocytes, can be synthesized chemically and applied topically as an anti-infective to different body sites, including the lung via inhalation. Here, we demonstrate the activity of NCT against viruses causing acute respiratory tract infections, namely severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), influenza viruses, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Virucidal activity of NCT was tested in plaque assays, confirmed by RT-qPCR assays. Attack on virus proteins was investigated by mass spectrometry. NCT revealed broad virucidal activity against all viruses tested at 37°C and pH 7. A significant reduction in infectious particles of SARS-CoV-2 isolates from early 2020 by 1 log10 was detected after 15 min of incubation in 1% NCT. Proteinaceous material simulating body fluids enhanced this activity by transchlorination mechanisms (1 -2 log10 reduction within 1–10 minutes). Tested SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha) und B.1.351 (Beta) showed a similar susceptibility. Influenza virus infectious particles were reduced by 3 log10 (H3N2) to 5 log10 (H1N1pdm), RSV by 4 log10. Mass spectrometry of NCT-treated SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and 3C-like protease, influenza virus hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, and RSV fusion glycoprotein disclosed multiple sites of chlorination and oxidation as the molecular mechanism of action. Application of 1.0% NCT as a prophylactic and therapeutic strategy against acute viral respiratory tract infections deserves comprehensive clinical investigation.
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