Epidemiological and Clinical Insights into the Enterovirus D68 Upsurge in Europe 2021–2022 and Emergence of Novel B3-Derived Lineages, ENPEN Multicentre Study
Simoes, Margarida Pires
Hodcroft, Emma B.
Simmonds, Peter
Albert, Jan
Alidjinou, Enagnon K.
Ambert-Balay, Katia
Andrés, Cristina
Antón, Andrés
Auvray, Christelle
Bailly, Jean-Luc
Baldanti, Fausto
Bastings, Capser
Beard, Stuart
Berengua, Carla
Berginc, Natasa
Bloemen, Mandy
Blomqvist, Soile
Bosma, Froukje
Böttcher, Sindy
Bubba, Laura
Buderus, Stafan
Cabrerizo, Maria
Calvo, Cristina
Celma, Cristina
Ceriotti, Ferruccio
Clark, Gemma
Costa, Inës
Coste-Burel, Marianne
Couderé, Karen
Cremer, Jeroen
del Cuerpo Casas, Margarita
Daehne, Theo
de Beer, Jessica
de Ceano-Vivas, Maria
De Gascun, Cillian
de Rougemont, Alexis
Dean, Jonathan
Dembinski, Jennifer L.
Diedrich, Sabine
Diez-Domingo, Javier
Dillner, Lena
Dorenberg, Dagny H.
Ducancelle, Alexandra
Dudman, Susanne
Dyrdak, Robert
Eis-Huebinger, Anna-Maria
Falces-Romero, Iker
Farkas, Agnes
Feeney, Susan
Fernandez-Garcia, Maria D.
Flipse, Jacky
Franck, Kristina T.
Galli, Cristina
Garrigue, Isabelle
Geeraedts, Felix
Georgieva, Irina
Giardina, Federica
Guiomar, Raquel
Hauzenberger, Elenor
Heikens, Esther
Henquell, Cécille
Hober, Didier
Hönemann, Mario
Howson-Wells, Hannah
Hruškar, Željka
Ikonen, Niina
Imbert, Berthemarie
Jansz, Arjan R.
Jeannoël, Marion
Jiřincová, Helena
Josset, Laurence
Keeren, Kathrin
Kramer-Lindhout, Naomie
Krokstad, Sidsel
Lazrek, Mouna
Le Guillou-Guillemette, Hélène
Lefeuvre, Caroline
Lind, Andreas
Lunar, Maja M.
Maier, Melanie
Marque-Juillet, Stéphanie
McClure, C. Patrick
McKenna, James
Meijer, Adam
Menasalvas Ruiz, Ana
Mengual-Chuliá, Beatriz
Midgley, Sofie
Mirand, Audrey
Molenkamp, Richard
Montes, Milagrosa
Moreno-Docón, Antonio
Morley, Ursula
Murk, Jean-Luc
Navascués-Ortega, Ana
Nijhuis, Roel
Nikolaeva-Glomb, Lubomira
Nordbø, Svein A.
Numanovic, Sanela
Oggioni, Massimo
Oñate Vergara, Eider
Pacaud, Jordi
Pacreau, Marie L.
Panning, Marcus
Pariani, Elena
Pekova, Lili
Pellegrinelli, Laura
Petrovec, Miroslav
Pietsch, Corinna
Pilorge, Léa
Piñeiro, Luis
Piralla, Antonio
Poljak, Mario
Prochazka, Birgit
Rabella, Nuria
Rahamat-Langendoen, Janette C.
Rainetova, Petra
Reynders, Marijke
Riezebos-Brilman, Annelies
Roorda, Lieuwe
Savolainen-Kopra, Carita
Schuffenecker, Isabelle
Smeets, Leo C.
Stoyanova, Asya
Stefic, Karl
Swanink, Caroline
Tabain, Irena
Tjhie, Jeroen
Thouault, Luc
Tumiotto, Camille
Uceda Renteria, Sara
Uršič, Tina
Vallet, Sophie
Van Ranst, Marc
Van Wunnik, Peter
Verweij, Jaco J.
Vila, Jorgina
Wintermans, Bas
Wollants, Elke
Wolthers, Katja C.
López-Labrador, F. Xavier
Kolsen Fischer, Thea
Harvala, Heli
Benschop, Kimberley S. M.
Enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) infections are associated with severe respiratory disease and acute flaccid myelitis (AFM). The European Non-Polio Enterovirus Network (ENPEN) aimed to investigate the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of EV-D68 infections and its clinical impact during the fall-winter season of 2021–2022. From 19 European countries, 58 institutes reported 10 481 (6.8%) EV-positive samples of which 1004 (9.6%) were identified as EV-D68 (including 852 respiratory samples). Clinical data were reported for 969 cases; 78.9% of infections were reported in children (0–5 years); and 37.9% of cases were hospitalized. Acute respiratory distress was commonly noted (93.1%) followed by fever (49.4%). Neurological problems were observed in 6.4% of cases including 6 diagnosed with AFM. Phylodynamic/Nextstrain and phylogenetic analyses based on 694 sequences showed the emergence of 2 novel B3-derived lineages, with no regional clustering. In conclusion, we describe a large-scale European EV-D68 upsurge with severe clinical impact and the emergence of B3-derived lineages.
