Browsing Artikel in Fachzeitschriften by Subject "Humans"
Now showing items 581-600 of 628
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2011-01-01ZeitschriftenartikelTowards an AIDS vaccine: The transmembrane envelope protein as target for broadly neutralizing antibodies Although the development of an effective vaccine is the main goal in the fight against AIDS, all attempts by numerous laboratories to develop a vaccine have failed so far. In addition, it is still unclear whether cytotoxic ...
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2013-03-11ZeitschriftenartikelTowards further reduction and replacement of animal bioassays in prion research by cell and protein misfolding cyclic amplification assays Laboratory animals have long since been used extensively in bioassays for prions in order to quantify, usually in terms of median infective doses [ID50], how infectious these pathogens are in vivo. The identification of ...
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2009-05-20ZeitschriftenartikelTracing the HIV-1 subtype B mobility in Europe: a phylogeographic approach Background: The prevalence and the origin of HIV-1 subtype B, the most prevalent circulating clade among the long-term residents in Europe, have been studied extensively. However the spatial diffusion of the epidemic ...
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2015-10-07ZeitschriftenartikelTracing the Spread of Clostridium difficile Ribotype 027 in Germany Based on Bacterial Genome Sequences We applied whole-genome sequencing to reconstruct the spatial and temporal dynamics underpinning the expansion of Clostridium difficile ribotype 027 in Germany. Based on re-sequencing of genomes from 57 clinical C. difficile ...
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2013-12-12ZeitschriftenartikelTransmission and molecular characterisation of wild measles virus in Romania, 2008 to 2012 Molecular characterisation of measles virus is a powerful tool for tracing transmission. Genotyping may prove the absence of endemic circulation of measles virus, i.e. transmission for more than 12 months, which is one of ...
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2009-12-04ZeitschriftenartikelTransmission dynamics of pulmonary tuberculosis between autochthonous and immigrant sub-populations Background: The overall incidence of tuberculosis (TB) in Western Europe has been declining since the 19th Century. However, immigrant sub-groups from high-prevalence countries are slowing down this trend. The aim of this ...
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2009-11-15ZeitschriftenartikelTransmission of Drug‐Resistant HIV‐1 is Stabilizing in Europe The SPREAD Programme investigated prospectively the time trend from September 2002 through December 2005 of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) among 2793 patients in 20 European countries and in Israel with newly diagnosed ...
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2015-08-27ZeitschriftenartikelTransmission patterns of human enterovirus 71 to, from and among European countries, 2003 to 2013 Enterovirus 71 (EV-71) is involved in epidemics of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and has been reported to occur with severe neurological complications in eastern and south-east Asia. In other geographical areas, the ...
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2009-10-06ZeitschriftenartikelTransmission routes and risk factors for autochthonous hepatitis E virus infection in Europe: a systematic review Increasing numbers of non-travel-associated hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections have been reported in Europe in recent years. Our objective was to review the evidence on risk factors and transmission routes of autochthonous ...
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2013-06-06ZeitschriftenartikelTravel-associated Legionnaires’ disease in Europe, 2010 In 2010, the European surveillance network for travel-associated Legionnaires’ disease (ELDSNet, previously EWGLINET) received reports of 864 cases of travel-associated Legionnaires’ disease, of whom 24 were reported to ...
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2012-10-03ZeitschriftenartikelTreatment-associated polymorphisms in protease are significantly associated with higher viral load and lower CD4 count in newly diagnosed drug-naive HIV-1 infected patients Background: The effect of drug resistance transmission on disease progression in the newly infected patient is not well understood. Major drug resistance mutations severely impair viral fitness in a drug free environment, ...
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2014-07-08ZeitschriftenartikelTrends and Predictors of Transmitted Drug Resistance (TDR) and Clusters with TDR in a Local Belgian HIV-1 Epidemic We aimed to study epidemic trends and predictors for transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in our region, its clinical impact and its association with transmission clusters. We included 778 patients from the AIDS Reference ...
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2015-11-26ZeitschriftenartikelTrends in HIV surveillance data in the EU/EEA, 2005 to 2014: new HIV diagnoses still increasing in men who have sex with men Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission remains significant in Europe. Rates of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) have declined, but not in all countries. New HIV diagnoses have increased among native and ...
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2011-03-31ZeitschriftenartikelTrends in Imported Chikungunya Virus Infections in Germany, 2006–2009 Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has been previously reported in many African and Asian areas, but it recently reemerged strongly in countries bordering the Indian Ocean as well as caused an outbreak in northern Italy. In Germany, ...
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2012-12-20ZeitschriftenartikelTreponema pallidum Infection in the Wild Baboons of East Africa: Distribution and Genetic Characterization of the Strains Responsible It has been known for decades that wild baboons are naturally infected with Treponema pallidum, the bacterium that causes the diseases syphilis (subsp. pallidum), yaws (subsp. pertenue), and bejel (subsp. endemicum) in ...
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2011-03-08ZeitschriftenartikelTrouble with Bleeding: Risk Factors for Acute Hepatitis C among HIV-Positive Gay Men from Germany—A Case-Control Study Objectives: To identify risk factors for hepatitis C among HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM), focusing on potential sexual, nosocomial, and other non-sexual determinants. Background: Outbreaks of hepatitis C ...
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2014-03-06ZeitschriftenartikelTuberculosis control in big cities and urban risk groups in the European Union: a consensus statement In low-incidence countries in the European Union (EU), tuberculosis (TB) is concentrated in big cities, especially among certain urban high-risk groups including immigrants from TB high-incidence countries, homeless people, ...
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2014-04-21ZeitschriftenartikelTwo Novel EHEC/EAEC Hybrid Strains Isolated from Human Infections The so far highest number of life-threatening hemolytic uremic syndrome was associated with a food-borne outbreak in 2011 in Germany which was caused by an enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) of the rare serotype ...
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2009-01-08ZeitschriftenartikelTyping Clostridium difficile strains based on tandem repeat sequences Background: Genotyping of epidemic Clostridium difficile strains is necessary to track their emergence and spread. Portability of genotyping data is desirable to facilitate inter-laboratory comparisons and epidemiological ...
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2013-03-21ZeitschriftenartikelTyping of Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis isolates from 51 outbreaks in Germany between 1974 and 2009 by a novel phage-typing scheme We developed a new phage-typing method and evaluated its application in combination with XbaI macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) as a useful tool for the long-term epidemiology of Salmonella ...